yielded two main strands which came to be designated as J (Yahwist) and E (Elohist). To state the findings in this summary fashion is to give only such end results as have won qualified acceptance from the great majority of biblical scholars. Actually, the course of Pentateuchal criticism has been exceedingly tortuous, and an immense amount of effort and ingenuity has been invested in the process over a period of some two hundred years. The fact is that the Pentateuch, with a long history of growth,